Computer & IT

note!Answer: B) Multiplexers often waste the output link capacity while statistical multiplexers optimize its use
Ordinary TDM multiplexers allocate fixed slots even when idle, wasting capacity, while statistical multiplexers allocate slots on demand to use the link efficiently.

note!Answer: A) The transport layer
The transport layer provides end-to-end (host-to-host) delivery between application processes on different machines.

note!Answer: D) All of the above
WANs span large areas and use telephone lines, microwave links, and satellites as transmission media.

note!Answer: A) LAN
A LAN (Local Area Network) connects computers within a limited area, such as an office, to share resources.

note!Answer: D) Both (A) and (B)
UDP is a connectionless protocol that sends independent messages (datagrams) without setting up a connection. Its full name is User Datagram Protocol.

note!Answer: B) Class B address
Class B addresses begin with the binary prefix 10, which gives a first octet from 128 to 191. The prefix 1000 falls within this range, so it is a Class B address.

note!Answer: B) Multicast address
Addresses beginning with 1110 are Class D, which are used for multicast.

note!Answer: C) User Datagram Protocol
FTP runs over TCP for reliable transfer, not over UDP.

note!Answer: D) Loop-back address
The range 127.0.0.0/8 is reserved for loopback, so 127.0.0.1 is used to address the local host.

note!Answer: D) Gateway
A gateway can operate across all seven OSI layers, while bridges, repeaters and routers work on fewer layers.

note!Answer: C) 802.5
IEEE 802.5 (Token Ring) uses token passing, which is collision-free, unlike CSMA/CD in 802.3.

note!Answer: C) Application port address
The transport layer uses port addresses to identify application processes; the option label 'B' is repeated in the printed text, but the correct choice is the port address.

note!Answer: B) ICMP
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is used to report errors in IP packet delivery.

note!Answer: B) interpret HTML
A browser interprets HTML markup and renders it as a web page; it does not compile it.

note!Answer: A) User's mailbox
In an email address like user@domain, the part before @ identifies the user's mailbox.

note!Answer: A) Application layer
SNMP, which monitors and controls network devices, is an application-layer protocol.

note!Answer: B) Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, which assigns IP configuration automatically.

note!Answer: B) UDP
TFTP runs over UDP on port 69, which is why it is 'trivial' with no connection setup.

note!Answer: B) The path of URL after server name.
SCRIPT_NAME holds the URL path to the CGI script after the server name.

note!Answer: C) A Browser
Internet Explorer is a web browser, a program used to access and view web pages.