Computer Fundamental

note!Answer: B) Chip card
A chip card (smart card) contains a microprocessor and memory embedded in a plastic card.

note!Answer: D) Intelligent terminals
Intelligent terminals combine a VDT with a microprocessor, so they can be user programmed.

note!Answer: C) Data density
Data density measures how many characters can be stored per unit of physical space (such as per inch).

note!Answer: B) Access arm
The access arm (actuator) moves the read/write heads to a particular track on the disk.

note!Answer: D) summarizing
Summarizing condenses large volumes of output data to show specific information.

note!Answer: D) Both b and c
In serial/sequential access devices such as tape, access time depends on the data's position.

note!Answer: D) Hexadecimal
Each hexadecimal digit represents exactly four binary digits (a nibble).

note!Answer: C) Laser
Laser printers fuse toner with heat and cannot strike through multi-part carbon forms, unlike impact printers.

note!Answer: A) IBM
IBM introduced the IBM PC in 1981, which launched the personal computer industry.

note!Answer: B) Advance technology
AT in IBM PC/AT stands for Advanced Technology, referring to the 80286-based design.

note!Answer: D) All of the above
Magnetic tape can store data (secondary storage), and can be used for both input and output.

note!Answer: B) 65,536
16 address bits give 2^16 = 65,536 addresses, which is 64K.

note!Answer: D) 00000101
Decimal 5 = 4 + 1 = 00000101 in 8-bit binary.

note!Answer: C) Fast
Primary memory (RAM) is much faster than secondary storage, though smaller and more expensive.

note!Answer: D) Terminal
Terminals connected to a central computer let several users work at once.

note!Answer: D) All of the above
Each of these devices produces printed (hard copy) output.

note!Answer: B) Digital plotter
Digital plotters draw precise vector drawings and are standard for CAD output.

note!Answer: A) George Boole
George Boole developed Boolean (symbolic) logic in the 19th century.

note!Answer: C) MANIAC
MANIAC was used at Los Alamos in 1952 for hydrogen bomb calculations.

note!Answer: C) Dumb terminals
Dumb terminals share one central processor, so no separate processing unit is needed for each user.