Computer Fundamental

note!Answer: C) Both a and b
A computer system consists of both hardware and software.

note!Answer: B) The processor, main memory and secondary memory
The processor, main memory and secondary memory are housed inside the system unit.

note!Answer: C) Secondary storage
Secondary storage keeps data and programs permanently, even when power is off.

note!Answer: A) Primary storage
Primary storage (RAM) temporarily holds data and programs while the computer is running.

note!Answer: C) CPU
The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the electronic circuit that fetches and executes instructions.

note!Answer: D) Central processing unit
CD-ROM, hard disk and DVD-ROM store data permanently. The CPU is a processing unit, not a storage device.

note!Answer: C) Hardware
The CPU is a physical electronic component, so it is hardware.

note!Answer: A) Central processing unit
CPU stands for Central Processing Unit.

note!Answer: A) Secondary storage
Data and programs not currently in use are kept in secondary storage until needed.

note!Answer: D) Software
Step-by-step instructions that run on a computer are called software (programs).

note!Answer: B) Output unit
Printers and monitors display or output information, so they are output units.

note!Answer: B) RAM
Data and instructions waiting to be processed are loaded into RAM, the main memory.

note!Answer: C) Permanent storage of data
Secondary storage keeps data permanently, even when the power is off.

note!Answer: C) Both a and b
The two major categories of software are system software and application software.

note!Answer: C) Application software
Application software performs practical user tasks such as word processing or accounting.

note!Answer: A) Universal Automatic Computer
UNIVAC stands for UNIVersal Automatic Computer, an early commercial computer.

note!Answer: D) Compact Disk Read Only Memory
CD-ROM stands for Compact Disk Read Only Memory.

note!Answer: A) An interpreter does the conversion line by line as the program is run
An interpreter translates and executes a program one line at a time, unlike a compiler, which translates the whole program first.

note!Answer: C) Lexical Analysis, syntax analysis, and code generation
Compilation proceeds through lexical analysis, syntax analysis, and code generation (among other phases). Feasibility study and testing belong to software development life cycle, not compilation.

note!Answer: C) a program which translates from one high-level to a machine level language
A compiler translates an entire high-level language program into machine-level (object) code.